Nnproperties of sound waves pdf

The nature of waves summary the physics hypertextbook. The speed of mechanical waves depends on the medium that the wave is traveling through. Sound linearity and interference sound pressure waves combine additively waves that start together are in phase sounds in phase increase in amplitude positive interference sounds out of phase cancel each other out negative interference sounds partially out of phase create varying amplitudes beats. Sound represents a longitudinal wave of wavelength and frequency f which is transmitted by pressure density changes with the speed of sound v in transmitting medium. Waves waves and their properties department of physics and. Waves travel at different speeds in different materials the speed of a wave is determined by the properties of the material, or medium, through which it travels. Properties of waves study guide waveis a way that energy is carried from place to place energy the ability to move or cause change to matter mattereverything in the universe that has mass and takes up space vacuumno air inertiaan object in motion will stay in motion same direction and speed until a force acts on it. A sound wave s frequency is experienced as the wave s pitch. This is how fast the disturbance of the wave is moving. Record your prediction hypothesis as an if then statement. Notes on wave properties michigan state university. Wave properties depend on what type of energy is making the waves. Sound is a longitudinal wave produced by a vibrating source that causes regular variations in. They will also need to know the following vocabulary words before playing the game.

Properties of waves reflection when waves encounter a barrier, some reflection occurs. Speed of a sound wave can also be affected by the density, temperature, and elasticity of the medium through which the sound waves travel. If the waves are sound waves, the change in frequency is heard as a change in pitch. Shares with sound the properties of spreading loss, attenuation.

Topics you will need to know in order to pass the quiz include the. In a transverse wave, such as the wave generated in a stretched rope when one end is wiggled back and forth. With that said, the approach here will be to understand music and musical instruments first, and to study the physics of waves and sound as needed to push the understanding of the music concepts. A higher frequency has a higher pitch, whereas a lower frequency has a lower pitch. Sound starts with vibrations in the air, like those produced by guitar strings, vocal cords, or speaker cones. Properties of sound waves sound waves for merit physics. Even more important, though only touched on in this book, is the wave phenomenon of quantum mechanics, built into the fabric of our space and time. Em wave em waves are generated by vibrating electrons composed of two perpendicular oscillating.

In the lab activity, you will examine sound waves as they are emitted from a moving source. Amplitude and frequency of sound waves determine the pitch and volume of sound. The loudness of a sound depends on the waves amplitude. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Sound is a sequence of waves of pressure, which propagates through compressible media such as air or water or solid. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office at 26 red lion square london wc1r 4hq. Strike the tuning fork again and wait until the sine wave pattern appears as smooth as possible when you get something that looks similar to figure 1, click stop. The minimum distance in which a sound wave repeats itself is called its wavelength. When talking about waves, the frequency is a measure of how many waves go past a fixed point in a given time. Predict what will happen to the sound waves when the sound source is in motion. Sound b has a lower pitch lower frequency than sound a and is softer smaller amplitude than sound c. Transmission of sound requires matter air, liquids, solids as transmitting medium, unlike light e.

When sound waves, water waves, or mechanical waves pass through a substance, the particles in the substance vibrate in a specific order. Ncert cbse notes for class 9 science physics chapter 12 sound download pdf. Sound wave can be described by five characteristics. Speed is determined by calculating the distance the wave travels divided by the time it takes to travel that distance. The study of sound should begin with the properties of sound waves. Electromagnetic waves include, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, light, ultraviolet, xrays, and gamma rays.

Two of the main characteristics of sound are pitch and loudness, which in turn are determined by the frequency and amplitude of the wave, respectively. With the help of highend animations and graphics, it explains the various features of sound. The persistence of sound due to repeated reflection and its gradual fading. The waveform representation converts the pressure variations of sound waves into a pictorial graph which is easier to understand. Use tuning forks, rope springs, and slinkies to model waves and their properties. Other waves called electromagnetic waves can travel either through matter or through empty space. As the teacher talks, students hear the voice because particles of air move from the mouth of the teacher to the ear of the student.

Frequency is a measure of how many waves pass a point in a certain amount of time. As you can see sound travels faster with an increase in temp. Characteristics of sound waves transverse and longitudinal waves classification of waves is according to the direction of propagation. Plan your 60minute lesson in science or waves with helpful tips from leigh roehm. The making waves wave properties science stations teach about the properties of different types of sound and ocean waves. As a sound source moves toward the listener, the waves reach the listener with a higher frequency. This is why a stereo system has an amplifier, a device that increases the amplitude of sound waves. Notes on wave properties and interference definition a form of energy transfer between objects, or that which transmits energy o mechanical requires a medium to transmit the energy through o non mechanical does not require a medium to transmit energy wave types. Fourth grade science waves sound the following learning activities were backwards planned to facilitate the development of students knowledge and skills for mastery of these ngss performance expectations.

Jul 18, 2017 sound waves, where the air particles are pushed along in the direction of travel, is an example of a longitudinal wave. Sound waves does not exit in space,they require any medium for travel, speed of sound wave varies with temperature and pressure of medium. Ncert cbse notes for class 9 science physics chapter 12 sound. As you learned on the previous page, sound waves are created by compressing the medium, then allowing it to expand. A longitudinal wave that is caused by vibrations and that travels through a material medium. Mbd alchemie presents a 2d video for physics which is appropriate for grade 9. They will learn how to measure some of these quantities and discover the relationships between them.

Sound waves are characterized by the generic properties of waves, which are frequency, wavelength, period, amplitude, intensity, speed, and direction sometimes speed and direction are combined as a velocity vector, or wavelength and direction are combined as a wave vector. In general, the frequency of an event describes how often it occurs. The velocity of a wave is usually represented by the letter v. Waves have frequencies, wavelengths, amplitudes, wave speeds, intensities, timbres and. Since sound is a wave, we can relate the properties of sound to the properties of a wave. Sound properties such as pitch, loudness and quality are determined by the corresponding wave properties. When an object vibrates, it causes movement in the particles of. The goal however is a deeper understanding of the physics of waves and sound than.

How well does sound travel through different mediums. Sound waves properties of sound waves secondary resources. Sound waves, properties of sound waves, physics, sound waves, science, physics, key stage 3, science, secondary ks3 teaching resources, ks3 resources. Waves form because water molecules are disturbed, and sound waves are formed by the disturbance of air particles or particles in an object through which sound is travelling, like a door. The next generation science standards ngss expect students to understand properties of sound energy such as wavelength, pitch, amplitude, and. There are familiar, everyday sorts of waves in water, ropes and springs. Below in a table, we have listed the speed of sound in various materials. Sound is a pressure wave which is created by a vibrating object. The distance between any point on a wave and the equivalent point on the next phase. General wave properties the behaviour of waves affects us every second of our lives. This quiz and corresponding worksheet will help to gauge your understanding of the properties of pitch and volume in sound waves.

An introduction to sound waves with illustrations and explanations. Do all waves require the same parts to form the waves like electromagnetic waves and are there different things we need to know about who similar or. Sound waves are longitudinal waves the vibrations are in the same direction as the direction of travel. Waves produced by earthquakes are called compressional waves. I know that mechanical waves require a medium and electromagnetic do not but i do not know if the parts of the two waves are the same for the both waves or if they are created differently. These sound waves can only travel through a solid, liquid or gas. Sound gets reflected and follows the same law as the reflection of light. Explain to the students that sound travels better through some mediums than others. These vibrations create sound waves which move through mediums such as air, water and wood. Sound travels fastest through solids, slowest in gases and at an intermediate speed through liquids. There are less visible but equally pervasive sound waves and electromagnetic waves. Each of these properties is described in more detail below. The three most important ones for audio work are shown here.

Objectives of lesson to know that sound can be reflected, refracted, diffracted, and produces interference effects. Students will need to be able to identify the properties of a wave in order to be successful in demonstrating their understanding using this escape room. A presentation wave types, mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves, parts of transverse waves, and questions like why are we able to see. Some of these waves are compressional, and others are transverse. Electromagnetic waves can exist at any frequency, not just at the frequencies of visible light. The apparent change in frequency as a wave source moves in relation to the listener. This is also a way of measuring the amount of energy the wave has. Within these stations, students learn about sound waves, construct a phone, diagram different types of waves, model vibrations, learn about ocean waves, and learn about transverse and longitudinal waves. Which of the following is an example of transverse and a longitudinal wave. Even though the waves discussed in this article will refer to travel in a medium, the mathematics introduced here can be used to analyze properties of nonmechanical waves. The dotted line shows deformation of the string moving to the right when it was reldleased b a rarefaction being made by the string movingmade by the string moving to the left. Where do sounds come from sounds are produced by vibrating or oscillating objects. When an object or substance vibrates, it produces sound. This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions.

Waves are used for communicating information and for carrying energy. The medium affects the speed at which a wave travels. Electromagnetic waves such as light waves, uv radiation, microwaves and others are formed through oscillating electric and magnetic fields. The waves that happen on the surface of the land after the p wave has moved through are s transverse waves. Sound waves variation in air pressure can cause objects to oscillate. In some substances, the molecules are easier to squish than others. While a mechanical wave exists in a medium which on deformation is capable of producing elastic restoring forces waves ofproducing elastic restoring forces, waves of. Introduction and types a wave is a transfer of energy through a medium from one point to another. There are many properties that scientists use to describe waves. The most basic characteristics of a sound wave are pitch, loudness and tone. Wave properties need to be visible to students to promote understanding. A sound wave does not consist of crests and troughs.

Create a scope display and select sound wave for the vertical axis. The pitch appears to increase because of the doppler effect. All sound waves are produced by a vibrating object. These include sound waves, light waves, radio waves, microwaves and others. Sound travels in waves and is caused by vibrations. The interaction of two waves that meet is called interference. Some of the worksheets below are waves worksheets middle school pdf waves and wave properties.

Lesson 5 properties of sound waves willowwood lessons. Depends on the temperature and the medium it is traveling through. Waves going from one medium to another have a transmitted and reflected part o the greater the difference in media, th e smaller the transmitted wave. Bats and insects use a sound detection system known as echolocation to navigate their way through their environments.

They move by alternately squeezing compression and stretching rarefaction. The higher the frequency, the more energy in the wave. Hearing sound intensity sound level trinity college, dublin. A sound wave is made of areas of high pressure alternated by. Waves a wave is a disturbance that pppg gropagates through space and time, usually with transferrance of energy. Sound waves, like any kind of waves, have various features or properties. A presentation types of waves, plane waves, spherical waves, transvesal waves. The faster waves travel, the more crests or compressions pass by you each second. Another important property of a wave is the speed of propagation. In air the speed of sound is about 20 o c it is 340ms. Class 9 physics characteristics of sound waves youtube. The frequency of a wave has the same meaning as the frequency of anything else. Explain the sound wave in terms of amplitude and wavelength.

Earthquakes initially produce p waves longitudinal waves as they form below the surface. The study of waves is, perhaps, truly the central subject of physics. How does the vibration frequency relate to the frequency of the wave created. Transverse waves move in an upanddown fashion, characterized by high points called crests and low points called troughs. You can calculate the speed of a wave if you know its. Structure of ear the worksheets are useful for ks3 students, especially year 8 students to revise and master the topic. The behaviour of waves affects us every second of our lives. A wave is a disturbance, which propagates energy from one place to the other without the transportation of matter. Longitudinal waves are a series of compressed air, where the sound molecules are close together, followed by rarefied air, where the sound molecules are far apart. The distance between one point on a wave and the exact same place on the next wave. The tone of a sound wave can be recognized by the regularity of its vibration. They include amplitude, frequency, period, wavelength, speed, and phase. We know that in a sound wave, the combined length of a compression and an adjacent rarefaction is called its wavelength. Not all of the dimensions and ccss are covered in the following activities and teachers are encouraged to address them where possible.

Only acoustic waves that have frequencies lying between about 20 hz and 20 khz elicit an auditory percept in humans. Waves and wave properties the following lecture material aligns with the slides. This vibrations set particles in the sur rounding medium typical air in vibrational motion, thus. Echolocation is an example of a specialized sound detection system. Electromagnetic waves do not need a material medium to travel through, so they can travel through a vacuum. Characteristics of sound waves sound travels in the form of a wave.

Properties of sound waves psychology a366 with wesolowski. All kinds of waves have the same fundamental properties of reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference, and all waves have a. Most of the energy in a sound wave will be reflected from the boundary between media if the incidence angle exceeds a threshold see book, some energy will be refracted into media 2, with a reduced angle. The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.

Electromagnetic waves properties of electromagnetic waves. Waves change at b oundaries of media so the properties of the medium determine the wave o depth of water, tension and density of rope, temperature of air, etc. Graphing a wave when drawing a wave or looking at a wave on a graph, we draw the wave. Students will learn the meaning of terms frequency, period, crest, trough, amplitude, wavelength and wave speed used to describe waves by studying sound waves from tuning forks captured on an oscilloscope display.

A wave is a disturbance that carries energy from one place to another. The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015. Oct 11, 2019 sound is a form of energy that is passed from one point to another as a wave. In general, waves travel faster in a medium that is hard, and slower in a medium that is squishy compressible. Sound waves created by a vibrating string a a compression being madecompression being made by the string moving to the right. There are two basic types of wave, transverse and longitudinal, differentiated by the way in which the wave is propagated. Two graphs showing the difference between sound waves with high and low amplitude. Study guide wave properties, interactions, and sound waves. All electromagnetic waves must travel in a vacuum with the same speed, a speed that we now call the speed of light. This was the first prediction of radio waves, xrays, etc. Waves waves and their properties 1 learning objectives a compare particle motion and wave motion in different types of waves.

Water waves are the focus of our tsunamis and surf resources, but many other kinds of wave exist. A medium is essential for the propagation of sound. What are the characteristics of sound waves a plus topper. Know that sound is a wave because it can be reflected and refracted as with particles, diffraction and interference only occur with waves sound waves 2. Among the types are light waves, sound waves, microwaves and xrays. The vertical axis displays the relative intensity or loudness of a sound wave. For example, sound will travel at a different speed in water than in air. Start the data collection software and connect it to the wireless sound sensor. Transverse waves one type of mechanical wave is a trans. A wave can move through matter called a medium, but some waves do not need a medium to be able to move. The seismic waves that cause most damage to buildings are a kind of rolling.